Kaziranga National Park is in the Indian state of Assam and is on the south side of the Brahmaputra River. Since 1985, it has been on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Kaziranga is about 100 kilometers (60 miles) west of Jorhat on the main road to the Guwahati district in the Indian state of Assam. The park was turned into a restricted forest in 1908. After that, in 1916, it became a game sanctuary, and in 1950, it became a wildlife sanctuary. It was made a national park in 1974.
Facts about Kaziranga National Park
The park is 165 square miles (430 square kilometers) and is between the Karbi (Mikir) Hills and the Brahmaputra River. Most of the park is made up of large lakes surrounded by reeds, areas of elephant grass, scattered trees, and thickets. This reserve is home to 66% of the world’s great one-horned rhinoceroses. Rhinoceros unicornis live here, and there are more of them here than anywhere else in the world.
In the park, you can find tigers, leopards, panthers, bears, elephants, wild hogs, hog deer, swamp deer, buffalo, pelicans, storks, and other waterfowl. Most of the park is often flooded, which kills a lot of animals. The area around the river is especially prone to erosion. Over time, these things have played a big role in the decline of animal populations.
Near the southern border, above the main road, there are guest houses in Kohra. When the sky is clear for a short time, it gives a wide view of the Himalayas. There are many low watchtowers where you can see animals in the swamp or ride an elephant.
In Kaziranga National Park, there were 2,401 rhinos when a count was done in March 2015. There are 1,651 adult rhinos (663 males, 802 females, and 186 that aren’t sure), 294 sub-adults (90 males, 114 females, and 90 that aren’t sure), 251 young rhinos, and 205 cubs.
Animals found in Kaziranga National Park
Kaziranga Tiger Reserve was set up in 2006, and it has the most tigers of any protected area in the world. In the park, there are a lot of elephants, wild water buffalo, and swamp deer. Bird Life International has called Kaziranga an Important Bird Area to help protect bird species. Compared to other protected areas for wildlife in India, Kaziranga has done a lot to help protect wildlife.
The park, which is on the edge of the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, has a lot of different species and is very easy to see. From east to west, Kaziranga National Park is 40 kilometers long, and from north to south, it is 13 kilometers wide. Kaziranga is 378 square kilometers in size. In the past few years, 51.14 square kilometers have been lost to erosion.
Along the park’s current border, 429 square kilometers have been added and made into a separate national park. This is to give more space for wildlife populations that are growing or to give animals a safe way to get to the Karbi Anglong Hills. The height ranges from 131 feet to 262 feet.
Kaziranga National Park Famous For
The Brahmaputra River flows all the way around the park. The Mora Diphlu sets the northern and eastern borders, as well as the southern one. The Diphlu and Mora Dhansiri are two other rivers in the park that are worth seeing. The River Brahmaputra has worn away the land and left behind silt, which has made flat areas in Kaziranga with rich, alluvial soil.
The area is made up of exposed sandbars and beels, which are lakes that were formed when a river flooded. These high spots, called chapories, make up 5% of the land’s surface. During floods, it gives animals a safe place to stay. The Indian Army helped build many artificial chapories, which are islands and stretches of land in rivers, to protect the animals.
Kaziranga National Park Information
Kaziranga is one of the largest protected areas in the Sub-Himalayan belt. People have called it a “biodiversity hotspot.” There are so many different species there that can be seen. The park is in the “Indomalaya” ecozone, and the main biome in that area is the Brahmaputra Valley.
In the Terai-Duar area, which is part of the tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome. There are semi-evergreen forests and a type of savanna and grassland that flood often. The park is also surrounded by beautiful green tea farms. Most of them make important contributions to the economy of Assam.
Kaziranga National Park Essay
Kaziranga is one of the few places outside of Africa where large cats like Bengal tigers and leopards can breed naturally. Kaziranga was made a Tiger Reserve in 2006, and according to the most recent census, there is one tiger for every five square kilometers. This has the most tigers of any place in the world.
Some of the fields are jungle cats, fishing cats, and leopard cats. The rare hispid hare, the Indian grey mongoose, the little Indian mongoose, the giant Indian civet, the small Indian civet, the Bengal fox, the golden jackal, the sloth bear, the Chinese pangolin, the Indian pangolin, the hog badger, the Chinese ferret badger, and the particolored flying squirrel are all small mammals.
Nine of India’s 14 primate species live in the park. Some of the best-known are the Assamese macaque, the capped and golden langur, and the hoolock gibbon, which is India’s solitary ape. The rare Ganges dolphin lives in the rivers of Kaziranga. The IUCN Red List says that Kaziranga is home to large breeding populations of 35 species of animals, 15 of which are considered vulnerable.
Kaziranga Rhino
Rhinoceros National Park in India: There are more Greater One-Horned Rhinoceros (1,855), wild Asiatic water buffalo (1,666), and eastern swamp deer (468) in the park than anywhere else in the world. Large herbivores with large populations include elephants (1,940), gaurs (30), and sambar (58). Small herbivores like the Indian muntjac, wild boar, and hog deer.
Kaziranga is home to the most wild water buffalo in the world. It makes up about 57% of the total in the world. Kaziranga has been named an Important Bird Area by Birdlife International. It is home to migratory birds, birds that live in water, birds that hunt, birds that eat trash, and game birds.
Central Asian birds like the lesser white-fronted goose, ferruginous duck, Baer’s pochard duck, lesser adjutant, greater adjutant, black-necked stork, and Asian openbill stork migrate to the park in the winter. Some of the river birds are the Blyth’s kingfisher, the white-bellied heron, the Dalmatian pelican, the spot-billed pelican, the Nordmann’s greenshank, and the black-bellied tern.
Rare birds of prey include the eastern imperial, larger spotted, white-tailed, Pallas’s, grey-headed, and lesser kestrels. Seven species of vultures used to live in Kaziranga, but they were almost all killed off when they ate dead animals that had the drug diclofenac in them. Only the Indian vulture, the slender-billed vulture, and the Indian white-rumped vulture have made it to the present day.
Swamp francolins, Bengal floricans, and pale-capped pigeons are all game birds. The big Indian hornbill and the wreathed hornbill live in Kaziranga. Old World babblers like the Jerdon’s and marsh babblers; weaver birds like the common baya weaver and the endangered Finn’s weaver; thrushes like the Hodgson’s bushchat; and Old World warblers like the bristling grassbird.
Two more species that are in danger are the black-breasted parrotbill and the rufous-vented prinia. This park is home to the reticulated python, the rock python, and the king cobra, which is the world’s longest poisonous snake. Other snakes that live here include the Indian cobra, the monocled cobra, Russell’s viper, and the common krait.
There are two kinds of monitor lizards in the park: the Bengal monitor and the Asian water monitor. There are 15 kinds of turtles, including the endemic Assam roofed turtle, and only one kind of tortoise, the brown tortoise. The Tetraodon is one of 42 different kinds of fish that have been found in the area.
