The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright is a group of eight buildings across the United States that were designed by the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright. These buildings are all UNESCO World Heritage Sites. These places show how he lived by his idea of “organic architecture,” which meant making buildings that worked well with people and their surroundings. In the 20th century, Wright’s work had a big effect on architecture all over the world.
Frank Lloyd Wright Architecture Style
Frank Lloyd Wright was born in 1867 and he died in 1959. He grew up in a rural area of Wisconsin and studied civil engineering at the University of Wisconsin. Then he got a job as an apprentice for famous architects from the Chicago school of architecture, especially Louis Sullivan. In 1893, Wright opened a successful business in Chicago. He also built an important home and studio in Oak Park, Illinois. In the 20th century, he became one of the most famous architects in the world.
Frank Lloyd Wright UNESCO
UNESCO Nomination: In 2008, ten of Wright’s buildings were put on the World Heritage Tentative List. This was done with the help of the Frank Lloyd Wright Conservancy, a non-profit group. It then grew to 11 sites by 2011, but the S. C. Johnson & Son Inc. Administration Building and Research Tower in Racine, Wisconsin, was eventually taken down.
In July 2016, UNESCO was asked to review a bid for inscription from 2015. The Frank Lloyd Wright World Heritage Council, which is in charge of the Conservancy, worked closely with the National Park Service and UNESCO to rethink the original plan and make the right changes.
The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright
In December 2018, a new plan was sent in that had eight buildings. The proposal did not include the Price Tower in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, or the Marin County Civic Center in San Rafael, California. In June of the next year, the International Council on Monuments and Sites came up with a good idea. The site was added to the World Heritage List in July 2019.
World Heritage listing: The eight Wright buildings chosen for the World Heritage Site are good examples of his work from the first half of the 20th century. The Unity Temple, which was the first building there, was finished in 1908. The Guggenheim was Wright’s last building. It was finished in 1959, the year he died, but its design began in the 1940s.
Taliesin West
From 1937 until his death at age 91 in 1959, architect Frank Lloyd Wright spent his winters and worked in the desert at Taliesin West. Today, it is where the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation has its main office. Taliesin West is on Frank Lloyd Wright Boulevard in Scottsdale, Arizona. It is open to the public for tours. The building was called Taliesin after Wright’s home in Spring Green, Wisconsin.
Wright and his students designed the house, which was built with wood, stone from the area, and mixed-sand concrete. Taliesin West was built into the landscape, with indoor and outdoor rooms that flowed into each other, a triangular garden of native plants, and a triangular pool.
Unity Temple
Unity Temple is the home of the Unity Temple Unitarian Universalist Congregation and a church for Unitarian Universalists. Oak Park, Illinois, is where it is. It was built from 1905 to 1908, and the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright made the plans. People think of Wright’s Unity Temple, which was built in the early 1900s.
It is one of his most important buildings. Many architects think that the Unity Temple was the first modern building in the world. As it was made of one material, reinforced concrete, which made its design and structure work well together. Modern architects like Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and even postmodernists like Frank Gehre gave this idea a lot of weight after Wright.
Robie House
The Frederick C. Robie House is a National Historic Landmark in the United States. It is now on the campus of the University of Chicago in Hyde Park on Chicago’s South Side. Frank Lloyd Wright designed the building as a single-family home. It was built between 1909 and 1910. It is thought to be the best example of the Prairie School, which was the first style of architecture that was thought to be uniquely American.
Robie House was named a National Historic Landmark on November 27, 1963. On October 15, 1966, it was added to the first list of places on the National Register of Historic Places. “The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright.” which includes the house and seven other buildings by Wright, will be added to the World Heritage List in July 2019.
Taliesin
After 1937, the estate of American architect Frank Lloyd Wright was sometimes called Taliesin East, Taliesin Spring Green, or Taliesin North. It’s a big example of the Prairie School style of architecture. Taliesin was started in 1911, but it was never really finished. It was Wright’s home, studio, and school of architecture. He built the big house on the top of a hill so that he would be “of the hill, not on it.” It may be his most in-depth and lengthy look at the organic theory of architecture and the Prairie School.
Hollyhock House
The Aline Barnsdall Hollyhock House is in the East Hollywood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. It was built by Frank Lloyd Wright. It was built for oil heiress Aline Barnsdall between 1919 and 1921. Now, the building is the most important thing in the city’s Barnsdall Art Park.
This is the first time that modern American architecture has been added to the list. It is known for making an important style of architecture that combines living spaces inside and outside. Wright’s first job in Los Angeles was supposed to be with an arts colony and live theater complex. Wright and his young apprentices started a movement called “California Modernism” with their work.
Fallingwater
In 1935, a house called Fallingwater was built by Frank Lloyd Wright. It is in the Laurel Highlands, which are in the southwestern part of Pennsylvania. About 70 miles southeast of Pittsburgh, or 110 km. It was built partly on top of a waterfall on Bear Run in the Mill Run area of Stewart Township in Fayette County, Pennsylvania.
The house was built by Liliane and Edgar J. Kaufmann so that they could get away on the weekends. They ran a big store in Pittsburgh called Kaufmann’s. The house was added to the list of National Historic Landmarks on May 11, 1976. In 1991, members of the American Institute of Architects picked Fallingwater as the “best piece of American architecture ever.”
Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House
The First House of Herbert and Katherine Jacobs is a single-family home called Jacobs I. It is at 441 Toepfer Avenue in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. It was built in 1937, and most people think it was the first Usonian home. It was designed by the famous American architect Frank Lloyd Wright. In 2003, it was chosen as a National Historic Landmark.
The Jacobs House was built during the Great Depression. The idea for it came from a plan that Wright had for a community of well-built, affordable single-family homes. Wright built this house on a small, landscaped lot in a neighborhood on a budget of less than $5,000. He used his open design plan, functional spaces, wood, brick, dyed concrete, and large windows to match the lot.
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum
The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum is a place for art in New York City’s Upper East Side. “The Guggenheim” is another name for it. It’s at 1071 Fifth Avenue, which is close to where East 89th Street meets Fifth Avenue. It has a permanent collection of Impressionist, Post-Impressionist, early Modern, and modern art that is always growing.
It also puts on special shows all year long. The Museum of Non-Objective Painting was opened by the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation in 1939. Hilla von Rebay was the first person in charge of the museum. In 1952, the museum got the name it has now. And three years after the founder, Solomon R. Guggenheim, died.
